Forty years of computerization in healthcare have yielded significant, albeit highly uneven, progress. Computer systems provide value to many clinics and physician offices day by day, but many benefits of computerization remain yet to be realized. A recent report of the National Research Council entitled “Computational Technology for Effective Health Care: Immediate Steps and Strategic Directions” singled out human-computer interaction (HCI) as one of the most important improvements for electronic health records. As several recent studies have shown, information technology applications in healthcare can cause significant clinical errors, for instance in the prescription and administration of medications. Addressing the sources of these errors, and improving the support for the cognitive tasks and workflow of clinicians, is a critical need for the ongoing national implementation of health information technology. He highlighted current electronic health record implementations, as well as present HCI studies conducted by the Center for Dental Informatics at the University of Pittsburgh.
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